Affects Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cell Biology By Regulating the miR-21/PTEN/AKT
keithOctober 5, 20200 Comments
Propofol Affects Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer CellBiology By Regulating the miR-21/PTEN/AKT Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo
Background: Propofol is a common sedative-hypnotic drug traditionally used for inducing and maintaining general anesthesia. Recent studies have drawn attention to the nonanesthetic effects of propofol, but the potential mechanism by which propofolsuppresses non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression has not been fully elucidated.
Methods: For the in vitro experiments, we used propofol (0, 2, 5, and 10 µg/mL) to treat A549 cells for 1, 4, and 12 hours and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) to detect proliferation. Apoptosis was measured with flow cytometry. We also transfected A549 cells with an microribonucleic acid-21 (miR-21) mimic or negative control ribonucleic acid (RNA) duplex and phosphatase and tensin homolog, deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN)
small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) or negative control. PTEN, phosphorylated protein kinase B (pAKT), and protein kinase B (AKT) expression were detected using Western blotting, whereas miR-21 expression was examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In vivo, nude mice were given injections of A549 cells to grow xenograft tumors; 8 days later, the mice were intraperitoneally injected with propofol (35 mg/kg) or soybean oil. Tumors were then collected from mice and analyzed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.
Results: Propofol inhibited growth (1 hour, P = .001; 4 hours, P ≤ .0001; 12 hours, P = .0004) and miR-21 expression (P ≤ .0001) and induced apoptosis (1 hour, P = .0022; 4 hours, P = .0005; 12 hours, P ≤ .0001) in A549 cells in a time and concentration-dependent manner. MiR-21 mimic and PTEN siRNA transfection antagonized the suppressive effects of propofol on A549 cells by decreasing PTEN protein
expression (mean differences [MD] [95% confidence interval {CI}], -0.51 [-0.86 to 0.16], P = .0058; MD [95% CI], 0.81 [0.07-1.55], P = .0349, respectively), resulting in an increase in pAKT levels (MD [95% CI] = -0.82 [-1.46 to -0.18], P = .0133) following propofol exposure. In vivo, propofol treatment reduced NSCLC tumor growth (MD [95% CI] = -109.47 [-167.03 to -51.91], P ≤ .0001) and promoted apoptosis (MD [95% CI] = 38.53 [11.69-65.36], P = .0093).
Conclusions: Our study indicated that propofol inhibited A549 cell growth, accelerated apoptosis via the miR-21/PTEN/AKT pathway in vitro, suppressed NSCLC tumor cell growth, and promoted apoptosis in vivo. Our findings provide new implications for propofol in cancer therapy and indicate that propofol is extremely advantageous in surgical treatment.
Description: Negative control lentivirus contains a null spacer insert under CMV promoter, serves as the negative control of lentivurs treatment for the specificity of any target expression effects. It has the Zeocin selection under RSV promoter.
Description: Negative control lentivirus contains a null spacer insert under EF1a promoter, serves as the negative control of lentivurs treatment for the specificity of any target expression effects. It has the hygromycin selection under RSV promoter.
Description: Negative control lentivirus contains a null spacer insert under EF1a promoter, serves as the negative control of lentivurs treatment for the specificity of any target expression effects. It has the Zeocin selection under RSV promoter.
Description: The Negative Control Lentivirus (Firefly Luciferase) are replication incompetent, HIV-based, VSV-G pseudo typed lentiviral particles that are ready to be transduced into almost all types of mammalian cells, including primary and non-dividing cells. The particles contain a firefly luciferase gene under the control of a minimal TATA promoter, without any additional transcriptional response elements.
Description: The Expression Negative Control Lentivirus are replication incompetent, HIV-based, VSV-G pseudotyped lentiviral particles that are ready to be transduced into almost all types of mammalian cells, including primary and non-dividing cells. The controls package the same virus particles as the target expression virus, but they do not express a specific protein under the CMV promoter. _x000D_The Expression Negative Control Lentivirus (G418) expresses the gene for aminoglycoside 3' phosphotransferase, which confers resistance to kanamycin, neomycin, and geneticin (G418)._x000D_The Expression Negative Control Lentivirus (Hygromycin) expresses the gene for hygromycin B phosphotransferase, which confers resistance to Hygromycin._x000D_The Expression Negative Control Lentivirus (Puromycin) expresses the gene for puromycin N-acetyl-transferase, which confers resistance to puromycin._x000D_ _x000D_
Expression Negative Control Lentivirus (Hygromycin)
Description: The Expression Negative Control Lentivirus are replication incompetent, HIV-based, VSV-G pseudotyped lentiviral particles that are ready to be transduced into almost all types of mammalian cells, including primary and non-dividing cells. The controls package the same virus particles as the target expression virus, but they do not express a specific protein under the CMV promoter. _x000D_The Expression Negative Control Lentivirus (G418) expresses the gene for aminoglycoside 3' phosphotransferase, which confers resistance to kanamycin, neomycin, and geneticin (G418)._x000D_The Expression Negative Control Lentivirus (Hygromycin) expresses the gene for hygromycin B phosphotransferase, which confers resistance to Hygromycin._x000D_The Expression Negative Control Lentivirus (Puromycin) expresses the gene for puromycin N-acetyl-transferase, which confers resistance to puromycin._x000D_ _x000D_
Expression Negative Control Lentivirus (Puromycin)
Description: The Expression Negative Control Lentivirus are replication incompetent, HIV-based, VSV-G pseudotyped lentiviral particles that are ready to be transduced into almost all types of mammalian cells, including primary and non-dividing cells. The controls package the same virus particles as the target expression virus, but they do not express a specific protein under the CMV promoter. _x000D_The Expression Negative Control Lentivirus (G418) expresses the gene for aminoglycoside 3' phosphotransferase, which confers resistance to kanamycin, neomycin, and geneticin (G418)._x000D_The Expression Negative Control Lentivirus (Hygromycin) expresses the gene for hygromycin B phosphotransferase, which confers resistance to Hygromycin._x000D_The Expression Negative Control Lentivirus (Puromycin) expresses the gene for puromycin N-acetyl-transferase, which confers resistance to puromycin._x000D_ _x000D_
Description: The Negative Control eGFP Reporter Lentivirus are replication incompetent, HIV-based, VSV-G pseudotyped lentiviral particles that are ready to infect almost all types of mammalian cells, including primary and non-dividing cells. The particles contain an enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (eGFP) gene under the control of a minimal TATA promoter, without any additional transcriptional response elements.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Renilla luciferase reporter under the human CD14 promoter which demonstrates strongly upregulated expression during monocytic cell differentiation. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under the human CD43 promoter which expressed on the surface of leukocytes and platelets.. This lentivirus also contain the Blasticidin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under the human CD43 promoter which expressed on the surface of leukocytes and platelets.. This lentivirus also contain the Neomycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under the human CD43 promoter which expressed on the surface of leukocytes and platelets. This lentivirus also contain the puromycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under the human CD43 promoter which expressed on the surface of leukocytes and platelets. This lentivirus also contain the RFP selection marker under the constitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express RFP reporter under the human CD43 promoter which expressed on the surface of leukocytes and platelets.. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Firefly luciferase reporter under the human CD43 promoter which expressed on the surface of leukocytes and platelets.. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutiveRSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Renilla luciferase reporter under the human CD43 promoter which expressed on the surface of leukocytes and platelets.. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under the human CD45's promoter which expressed exclusively by all hematopoietic cells except erythrocytes and platelets. This lentivirus also contain the Blasticidin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under the human CD45's promoter which expressed exclusively by all hematopoietic cells except erythrocytes and platelets. This lentivirus also contain the Neomycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under the human CD45's promoter which expressed exclusively by all hematopoietic cells except erythrocytes and platelets. This lentivirus also contain the puromycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under the human CD45's promoter which expressed exclusively by all hematopoietic cells except erythrocytes and platelets. This lentivirus also contain the RFP selection marker under the constitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express RFP reporter under the human CD45's promoter which expressed exclusively by all hematopoietic cells except erythrocytes and platelets. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Firefly luciferase reporter under the human CD45's promoter which expressed exclusively by all hematopoietic cells except erythrocytes and platelets. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutiveRSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Renilla luciferase reporter under the human CD45's promoter which expressed exclusively by all hematopoietic cells except erythrocytes and platelets. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under the human CD68's promoter which expressed specifically in macrophages and macrophage-related cells. This lentivirus also contain the Blasticidin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under the human CD68's promoter which expressed specifically in macrophages and macrophage-related cells. This lentivirus also contain the Neomycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under the human CD68's promoter which expressed specifically in macrophages and macrophage-related cells. This lentivirus also contain the puromycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under the human CD68's promoter which expressed specifically in macrophages and macrophage-related cells. This lentivirus also contain the RFP selection marker under the constitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express RFP reporter under the human CD68's promoter which expressed specifically in macrophages and macrophage-related cells. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Firefly luciferase reporter under the human CD68's promoter which expressed specifically in macrophages and macrophage-related cells. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutiveRSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Renilla luciferase reporter under the human CD68's promoter which expressed specifically in macrophages and macrophage-related cells. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under the human Flt-1's promoter which expressed specifically in endothelial cells and up-regulated in tumor vasculature. This lentivirus also contain the Blasticidin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under the human Flt-1's promoter which expressed specifically in endothelial cells and up-regulated in tumor vasculature. This lentivirus also contain the Neomycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under the human Flt-1's promoter which expressed specifically in endothelial cells and up-regulated in tumor vasculature. This lentivirus also contain the puromycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under the human Flt-1's promoter which expressed specifically in endothelial cells and up-regulated in tumor vasculature. This lentivirus also contain the RFP selection marker under the constitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express RFP reporter under the human Flt-1's promoter which expressed specifically in endothelial cells and up-regulated in tumor vasculature. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Firefly luciferase reporter under the human Flt-1's promoter which expressed specifically in endothelial cells and up-regulated in tumor vasculature. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutiveRSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Renilla luciferase reporter under the human Flt-1's promoter which expressed specifically in endothelial cells and up-regulated in tumor vasculature. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under the human ICAM-2's promoter which expressed specifically in vasculature endothelial cells and megakaryocytes. This lentivirus also contain the Blasticidin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under the human ICAM-2's promoter which expressed specifically in vasculature endothelial cells and megakaryocytes. This lentivirus also contain the Neomycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under the human ICAM-2's promoter which expressed specifically in vasculature endothelial cells and megakaryocytes. This lentivirus also contain the puromycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under the human ICAM-2's promoter which expressed specifically in vasculature endothelial cells and megakaryocytes. This lentivirus also contain the RFP selection marker under the constitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express RFP reporter under the human ICAM-2's promoter which expressed specifically in vasculature endothelial cells and megakaryocytes. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Firefly luciferase reporter under the human ICAM-2's promoter which expressed specifically in vasculature endothelial cells and megakaryocytes. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutiveRSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Renilla luciferase reporter under the human ICAM-2's promoter which expressed specifically in vasculature endothelial cells and megakaryocytes. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human Myoglobin 's promoter which only expressed in muscle, predominantly in cardiac and skeletal myocytes. This lentivirus also contain the Blasticidin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human Myoglobin 's promoter which only expressed in muscle, predominantly in cardiac and skeletal myocytes. This lentivirus also contain the Neomycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human Myoglobin 's promoter which only expressed in muscle, predominantly in cardiac and skeletal myocytes. This lentivirus also contain the puromycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human Myoglobin 's promoter which only expressed in muscle, predominantly in cardiac and skeletal myocytes. This lentivirus also contain the RFP selection marker under the constitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express RFP reporter under human Myoglobin 's promoter which only expressed in muscle, predominantly in cardiac and skeletal myocytes. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Firefly luciferase reporter under human Myoglobin 's promoter which only expressed in muscle, predominantly in cardiac and skeletal myocytes. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutiveRSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Renilla luciferase reporter under human Myoglobin 's promoter which only expressed in muscle, predominantly in cardiac and skeletal myocytes. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human Surfactant protein B's promoter which selectively expressed in bronchiolar and alveolar epithelial cells of the lung. This lentivirus also contain the Blasticidin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human Surfactant protein B's promoter which selectively expressed in bronchiolar and alveolar epithelial cells of the lung. This lentivirus also contain the Neomycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human Surfactant protein B's promoter which selectively expressed in bronchiolar and alveolar epithelial cells of the lung. This lentivirus also contain the puromycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human Surfactant protein B's promoter which selectively expressed in bronchiolar and alveolar epithelial cells of the lung. This lentivirus also contain the RFP selection marker under the constitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express RFP reporter under human Surfactant protein B's promoter which selectively expressed in bronchiolar and alveolar epithelial cells of the lung. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Firefly luciferase reporter under human Surfactant protein B's promoter which selectively expressed in bronchiolar and alveolar epithelial cells of the lung. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutiveRSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Renilla luciferase reporter under human Surfactant protein B's promoter which selectively expressed in bronchiolar and alveolar epithelial cells of the lung. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human Synapsin 's promoter which used for neuron-specific high expression. This lentivirus also contain the Blasticidin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human Synapsin 's promoter which used for neuron-specific high expression. This lentivirus also contain the Neomycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human Synapsin 's promoter which used for neuron-specific high expression. This lentivirus also contain the puromycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human Synapsin 's promoter which used for neuron-specific high expression. This lentivirus also contain the RFP selection marker under the constitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express RFP reporter under human Synapsin 's promoter which used for neuron-specific high expression. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Firefly luciferase reporter under human Synapsin 's promoter which used for neuron-specific high expression. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutiveRSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Renilla luciferase reporter under human Synapsin 's promoter which used for neuron-specific high expression. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human alpha-fetoprotein 's promoter which used for the expression into hepatocellular carcinoma cells . This lentivirus also contain the Blasticidin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human alpha-fetoprotein 's promoter which used for the expression into hepatocellular carcinoma cells . This lentivirus also contain the Neomycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human alpha-fetoprotein 's promoter which used for the expression into hepatocellular carcinoma cells. This lentivirus also contain the puromycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human alpha-fetoprotein 's promoter which used for the expression into hepatocellular carcinoma cells . This lentivirus also contain the RFP selection marker under the constitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express RFP reporter under human alpha-fetoprotein 's promoter which used for the expression into hepatocellular carcinoma cells . This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Firefly luciferase reporter under human alpha-fetoprotein 's promoter which used for the expression into hepatocellular carcinoma cells . This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutiveRSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Renilla luciferase reporter under human alpha-fetoprotein 's promoter which used for the expression into hepatocellular carcinoma cells . This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human CCKR's promoter which is predominantly expressed in human pancreatic cancer. This lentivirus also contain the Blasticidin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human CCKR's promoter which is predominantly expressed in human pancreatic cancer. This lentivirus also contain the Neomycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human CCKR's promoter which is predominantly expressed in human pancreatic cancer. This lentivirus also contain the puromycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human CCKR's promoter which is predominantly expressed in human pancreatic cancer. This lentivirus also contain the RFP selection marker under the constitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express RFP reporter under human CCKR's promoter which is predominantly expressed in human pancreatic cancer. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Firefly luciferase reporter under human CCKR's promoter which is predominantly expressed in human pancreatic cancer. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutiveRSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Renilla luciferase reporter under human CCKR's promoter which is predominantly expressed in human pancreatic cancer. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human HE4's promoter which is overexpressed in ovarian cancer cells. This lentivirus also contain the Blasticidin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human HE4's promoter which is overexpressed in ovarian cancer cells. This lentivirus also contain the Neomycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human HE4's promoter which is overexpressed in ovarian cancer cells. This lentivirus also contain the puromycin selection marker under RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express GFP reporter under human HE4's promoter which is overexpressed in ovarian cancer cells. This lentivirus also contain the RFP selection marker under the constitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express RFP reporter under human HE4's promoter which is overexpressed in ovarian cancer cells. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutive RSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Description: Pre-made lentivirus express Firefly luciferase reporter under human HE4's promoter which is overexpressed in ovarian cancer cells. This lentivirus also contain the GFP selection marker under the consitutiveRSV promoter, provided in DMEM medium with 10% FBS and 60ug/ml of polybrene.
Self-Organizing Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Hepatocyte 3D Organoids Inform the Biology of the Pleiotropic TRIB1 Gene
Establishment of a physiologically relevant human hepatocyte-like cell system for in vitro translational research has been hampered by the limited availability of cell models that accurately reflect human biology and the pathophysiology of human disease. Here we report a robust, reproducible, and scalable protocol for the generation of hepatic organoids from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) using short exposure to nonengineered matrices.
These hepatic organoids follow defined stages of hepatic development and express higher levels of early (hepatocyte nuclear factor 4A [HNF4A], prospero-related homeobox 1 [PROX1]) and mature hepatic and metabolic markers (albumin, asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 [ASGR1], CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α [C/EBPα]) than two-dimensional (2D) hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) at day 20 of differentiation. We used this model to explore the biology of the pleiotropic TRIB1 (Tribbles-1) gene associated with a number of metabolic traits, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and plasma lipids.
We used genome editing to delete the TRIB1 gene in hiPSCs and compared TRIB1-deleted iPSC-HLCs to isogenic iPSC-HLCs under both 2D culture and three-dimensional (3D) organoid conditions. Under conventional 2D culture conditions, TRIB1-deficient HLCs showed maturation defects, with decreased expression of late-stage hepatic and lipogenesis markers.
In contrast, when cultured as 3D hepatic organoids, the differentiation defects were rescued, and a clear lipid-related phenotype was noted in the TRIB1-deficient induced pluripotent stem cell HLCs. Conclusion: This work supports the potential of genome-edited hiPSC-derived hepatic 3D organoids in exploring human hepatocyte biology, including the functional interrogation of genes identified through human genetic investigation.
Description: MCF 7 (Human breast Adenocarcinima) cell membrane protein lysate was prepared by isolating the membrane protein from whole tissue homogenates using a proprietary technique. The MCF 7 (Human breast Adenocarcinima) cell was frozen in liquid nitrogen immediately after excision and then stored at -70ºC. The membrane protein is provided in a buffer including HEPES (pH 7.9), MgCl2, KCl, EDTA, Sucrose, Glycerol, sodium deoxycholate, NP-40, and a cocktail of protease inhibitors. For quality control purposes, the isolated MCF 7 (Human breast Adenocarcinima) cell membrane protein pattern on SDS-PAGE gel is shown to be consistent for each lot by visualization with coomassie blue staining. The isolated MCF 7 (Human breast Adenocarcinima) cell membrane protein is then Western analyzed by either GAPDH or β-actin antibody to confirm there is no signal or very weak signal.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various proteomics studies in both normal and pathological cases. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes. This product is prepared from whole tissue homogenates and has undergone SDS-PAGE quality control analysis. The protein is stored in a buffer with protease inhibitor cocktail fo prevent degradation.
Membrane Protein from Human Tumor Cell Line: MCF 7
Description: Can be used for various proteomics studies in both normal and pathological cases. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes. This product is prepared from whole tissue homogenates and has undergone SDS-PAGE quality control analysis. The protein is stored in a buffer with protease inhibitor cocktail fo prevent degradation.
Paraffin Tissue Section - Human Tumor Cell Line: MCF-7
Description: Our tissue products are produced by strictly following the IRB ethical standards and procedures and from highest quality tissues. Immediately after collection the tissues are placed in liquid nitrogen and examined by certified pathologists. The thickness of each individual section is ~5um. They are Hematoxylin and Eosin stained and quality tested by immunostaining with anti-beta-actin antibodies. Our tissue products are suitable for various studies on cellular level (RNA localization, Protein expression, etc.) on both normal and pathological cases. It is also an excellent control and educational tool.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression and regulation, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: The 293AAV Cell Line is derived from the parental 293 cells but selected for attributes that increase AAV production, including firmer attachment and larger surface area.
Description: The 293AD Cell Line is derived from the parental 293 cells but selected for attributes that increase adenovirus production, including firmer attachment and larger surface area.
Description: The 293LTV Cell Line is derived from the parental 293 cells but selected for attributes that increase lentiviral production, including fimrer attachment and larger surface area.
Description: The 293RTV Cell Line is derived from the parental 293 cells but selected for attributes that increase retroviral production, including fimrer attachment and larger surface area.
Description: Conventional cells used for retrovirus packaging, such as those based on NIH3T3 cells, have limited stability and produce relatively low yields of retrovirus, mainly due to the poor expression of retroviral structure proteins (gag, pol and env) in the cells. The Platinum Retroviral Packaging Cell Lines are based on the 293T cell line. They exhibit longer stability and produce higher yields of retroviral structure proteins. Plat-E cells contain gag, pol and env genes, allowing retroviral packaging with a single plasmid transfection.
Description: Conventional cells used for retrovirus packaging, such as those based on NIH3T3 cells, have limited stability and produce relatively low yields of retrovirus, mainly due to the poor expression of retroviral structure proteins (gag, pol and env) in the cells. The Platinum Retroviral Packaging Cell Lines are based on the 293T cell line. They exhibit longer stability and produce higher yields of retroviral structure proteins. Plat-A cells contain gag, pol and env genes, allowing retroviral packaging with a single plasmid transfection.
Description: Conventional cells used for retrovirus packaging, such as those based on NIH3T3 cells, have limited stability and produce relatively low yields of retrovirus, mainly due to the poor expression of retroviral structure proteins (gag, pol and env) in the cells. The Platinum Retroviral Packaging Cell Lines are based on the 293T cell line. They exhibit longer stability and produce higher yields of retroviral structure proteins. Plat-GP cells contain the gag and pol genes required for retroviral packaging; an expression vector is co-transfected with a VSVG envelope vector.
Description: Lung tissue lysate (7 Days Old) was prepared by homogenization in modified RIPA buffer (150 mM sodium chloride, 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, 1% Triton X-100, 1% sodium deoxycholic acid, 0.1% sodium dodecylsulfate, 5 μg/ml of aprotinin, 5 μg/ml of leupeptin. Tissue and cell debris was removed by centrifugation. Protein concentration was determined with Bio-Rad protein assay. The product was boiled for 5 min in 1 x SDS sample buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 6.8, 12.5% glycerol, 1% sodium dodecylsulfate, 0.01% bromophenol blue) containing 50 mM DTT.
Description: Brain tissue lysate (7 Days Old) was prepared by homogenization in modified RIPA buffer (150 mM sodium chloride, 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, 1% Triton X-100, 1% sodium deoxycholic acid, 0.1% sodium dodecylsulfate, 5 μg/ml of aprotinin, 5 μg/ml of leupeptin. Tissue and cell debris was removed by centrifugation. Protein concentration was determined with Bio-Rad protein assay. The product was boiled for 5 min in 1 x SDS sample buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 6.8, 12.5% glycerol, 1% sodium dodecylsulfate, 0.01% bromophenol blue) containing 50 mM DTT.
Description: Liver tissue lysate (7 Days Old) was prepared by homogenization in modified RIPA buffer (150 mM sodium chloride, 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, 1% Triton X-100, 1% sodium deoxycholic acid, 0.1% sodium dodecylsulfate, 5 μg/ml of aprotinin, 5 μg/ml of leupeptin. Tissue and cell debris was removed by centrifugation. Protein concentration was determined with Bio-Rad protein assay. The product was boiled for 5 min in 1 x SDS sample buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 6.8, 12.5% glycerol, 1% sodium dodecylsulfate, 0.01% bromophenol blue) containing 50 mM DTT.
Description: Kidney tissue lysate (7 Days Old) was prepared by homogenization in modified RIPA buffer (150 mM sodium chloride, 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, 1% Triton X-100, 1% sodium deoxycholic acid, 0.1% sodium dodecylsulfate, 5 μg/ml of aprotinin, 5 μg/ml of leupeptin. Tissue and cell debris was removed by centrifugation. Protein concentration was determined with Bio-Rad protein assay. The product was boiled for 5 min in 1 x SDS sample buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 6.8, 12.5% glycerol, 1% sodium dodecylsulfate, 0.01% bromophenol blue) containing 50 mM DTT.
Description: Spleen tissue lysate (7 Days Old) was prepared by homogenization in modified RIPA buffer (150 mM sodium chloride, 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, 1% Triton X-100, 1% sodium deoxycholic acid, 0.1% sodium dodecylsulfate, 5 μg/ml of aprotinin, 5 μg/ml of leupeptin. Tissue and cell debris was removed by centrifugation. Protein concentration was determined with Bio-Rad protein assay. The product was boiled for 5 min in 1 x SDS sample buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 6.8, 12.5% glycerol, 1% sodium dodecylsulfate, 0.01% bromophenol blue) containing 50 mM DTT.
Description: Thymus tissue lysate (7 Days Old) was prepared by homogenization in modified RIPA buffer (150 mM sodium chloride, 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, 1% Triton X-100, 1% sodium deoxycholic acid, 0.1% sodium dodecylsulfate, 5 μg/ml of aprotinin, 5 μg/ml of leupeptin. Tissue and cell debris was removed by centrifugation. Protein concentration was determined with Bio-Rad protein assay. The product was boiled for 5 min in 1 x SDS sample buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 6.8, 12.5% glycerol, 1% sodium dodecylsulfate, 0.01% bromophenol blue) containing 50 mM DTT.
Description: Stomach tissue lysate (7 Day Old) was prepared by homogenization in modified RIPA buffer (150 mM sodium chloride, 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, 1% Triton X-100, 1% sodium deoxycholic acid, 0.1% sodium dodecylsulfate, 5 μg/ml of aprotinin, 5 μg/ml of leupeptin. Tissue and cell debris was removed by centrifugation. Protein concentration was determined with Bio-Rad protein assay. The product was boiled for 5 min in 1 x SDS sample buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 6.8, 12.5% glycerol, 1% sodium dodecylsulfate, 0.01% bromophenol blue) containing 50 mM DTT.
Description: Skin tissue lysate (7 Days Old) was prepared by homogenization in modified RIPA buffer (150 mM sodium chloride, 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, 1% Triton X-100, 1% sodium deoxycholic acid, 0.1% sodium dodecylsulfate, 5 μg/ml of aprotinin, 5 μg/ml of leupeptin. Tissue and cell debris was removed by centrifugation. Protein concentration was determined with Bio-Rad protein assay. The product was boiled for 5 min in 1 x SDS sample buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 6.8, 12.5% glycerol, 1% sodium dodecylsulfate, 0.01% bromophenol blue) containing 50 mM DTT.
Description: Eye tissue lysate (7 Days Old) was prepared by homogenization in modified RIPA buffer (150 mM sodium chloride, 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, 1% Triton X-100, 1% sodium deoxycholic acid, 0.1% sodium dodecylsulfate, 5 μg/ml of aprotinin, 5 μg/ml of leupeptin. Tissue and cell debris was removed by centrifugation. Protein concentration was determined with Bio-Rad protein assay. The product was boiled for 5 min in 1 x SDS sample buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 6.8, 12.5% glycerol, 1% sodium dodecylsulfate, 0.01% bromophenol blue) containing 50 mM DTT.
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CMV control lentivirus (Zeo) )
EF1a control lentivirus (Hygro) )
EF1a control lentivirus (Zeo) 
Negative Control Luciferase Lentivirus )
Expression Negative Control Lentivirus (G418) )
Expression Negative Control Lentivirus (Hygromycin) )
Expression Negative Control Lentivirus (Puromycin) 
Negative Control eGFP Reporter Lentivirus 
GFP Expressing Human Glioblastoma Cells 
GFP Expressing Human Gastric Carcinoma N87 Cells )
GFP Expressing Human Renal Adenocarcinoma Cells (ACHN) )
GFP Expressing Human Prostate Carcinoma Cells (DU 145) 
Positive control tissue section for each individua  Lentivirus )
CD14-Rluc (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CD43-GFP (Bsd) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CD43-GFP (Neo) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CD43-GFP (Puro) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CD43-GFP (RFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CD43-RFP (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CD43-Luc (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CD43-Rluc (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CD45-GFP (Bsd) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CD45-GFP (Neo) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CD45-GFP (Puro) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CD45-GFP (RFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CD45-RFP (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CD45-Luc (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CD45-Rluc (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CD68-GFP (Bsd) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CD68-GFP (Neo) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CD68-GFP (Puro) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CD68-GFP (RFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CD68-RFP (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CD68-Luc (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CD68-Rluc (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
Flt1-GFP (Bsd) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
Flt1-GFP (Neo) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
Flt1-GFP (Puro) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
Flt1-GFP (RFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
Flt1-RFP (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
Flt1-Luc (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
Flt1-Rluc (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
ICAM2-GFP (Bsd) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
ICAM2-GFP (Neo) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
ICAM2-GFP (Puro) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
ICAM2-GFP (RFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
ICAM2-RFP (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
ICAM2-Luc (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
ICAM2-Rluc (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
MB-GFP (Bsd) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
MB-GFP (Neo) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
MB-GFP (Puro) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
MB-GFP (RFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
MB-RFP (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
MB-Luc (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
MB-Rluc (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
SPB-GFP (Bsd) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
SPB-GFP (Neo) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
SPB-GFP (Puro) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
SPB-GFP (RFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
SPB-RFP (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
SPB-Luc (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
SPB-Rluc (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
SYN1-GFP (Bsd) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
SYN1-GFP (Neo) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
SYN1-GFP (Puro) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
SYN1-GFP (RFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
SYN1-RFP (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
SYN1-Luc (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
SYN1-Rluc (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
aFP-GFP (Bsd) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
aFP-GFP (Neo) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
aFP-GFP (Puro) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
aFP-GFP (RFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
aFP-RFP (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
aFP-Luc (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
aFP-Rluc (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CCKAR-GFP (Bsd) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CCKAR-GFP (Neo) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CCKAR-GFP (Puro) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CCKAR-GFP (RFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CCKAR-RFP (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CCKAR-Luc (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
CCKAR-Rluc (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
HE4-GFP (Bsd) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
HE4-GFP (Neo) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
HE4-GFP (Puro) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
HE4-GFP (RFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
HE4-RFP (GFP) Lentivirus  Lentivirus )
HE4-Luc (GFP) Lentivirus 
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 Cell Nuclear Extract)
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 Whole Cell Lysate, Hydrogen Peroxide Stimulated)
 ELISA Kit, 96 tests, Quantitative)
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